2020中考英语考纲词汇: A

2019-10-28 12:13:56来源:网络

  1600个大纲词汇是中考必考核心词汇,对于这些词汇要求听说读写译都得会,掌握其搭配、结构和习惯表达。

  点击查看:2020中考英语必备1600个词汇(下载版)

  A

  a(an) [ə, eɪ(ən)]art.一(个、件……)

  用法:不定冠词的常见用法

  ①第一次提到,表示泛指。

  ②含有数量“一”的概念,但是不如one强烈。

  ability [əˈbɪlɪtɪ]n.能力;才能

  a man of ability 有能力的人

  the ability to do sth. 做某事的能力

  able [ˈeɪb(ə)l]a.能够;有能力的

  be able to do sth. 有能力做某事

  about [əˈbaʊt]prep. 对于,关于;大约;在…...周围

  be about to do 即将......

  We were about to go when it suddenly rained.

  我们正要出发,突然天下雨了。

  look about 四处寻找

  run about 到处跑

  What/How about…?

  above [əˈbʌv]prep.在……上面

  above all 最重要的是

  Above all, the work must be finished before nine by ourselves.

  最重要的是,工作必须在九点之前由我们自己独立完成。

  注意:above的反义词为below

  abroad [əˈbrɔːd]ad.到(在)国外

  from abroad 从国外,从海外

  His parents have just come back from abroad.

  他的父母刚刚从海外回来,我们去看望他们吧。

  go abroad 出国

  absent[ˈæbsənt]a.缺席;不在

  accept [əkˈsept]vt.接受

  近义词辨析:accept 和receive

  accept 是“接受、认可“的意思,是收到并接受;receive 有”收到“的意思,但不一定接受。

  I received a lot of gifts on my birthday, but I didn’t accept any.

  生日那天我收到许多礼物,但是我并没有收下任何礼物。

  I received his invitation but I didn’t accept it.(我收到他的邀请,但我没接受。)

  accident [ˈæksɪdənt]n. 事故;偶然

  by accident意外地,偶然地

  a traffic accident 交通事故

  according to prep. 根据…;依照

  according to根据,按照

  achieve[əˈtʃiːv]vt.达到;取得

  He hopes to achieve all the aims soon .

  (他希望很快达成所有目标。)

  across [əˈkrɔs]prep横过;穿过

  across prep.在…...对面,横穿

  近义词辨析:across 和through

  across表示“横过,穿过”,着重指从路线或物体表面的一边到另一边(表面)。

  across the street 横过马路

  through “穿过,从……中间通过”,着重指从空间的一头穿到另一头(内部)。

  through the forest 穿过森林

  act [ækt]n. v.法令;条例表演,扮演(角色);演出,行动

  act as担任(起...作用)

  词性转换:actor/actress n.男演员/女演员

  action [ˈækʃ(ə)n]n.行动

  We must take action right now, otherwise we'll be late.

  我们现在就得采取行动了,否则就迟到了。

  active[ˈæktɪv]a.积极的,主动的

  take an active part in 积极参加......

  I don’t think everyone should take an active part in the social activities.

  我认为并不是所有的人都应该积极参与到社会活动中去。

  activity[ækˈtɪvɪtɪ]n.活动

  actor[ˈæktə]n.演员,男演员,行动者

  actress[ˈæktrɪs]n.女演员

  add[æd]vt.增添;增加

  add to 增加,增添

  add up 合计

  add up to 合计达

  add…to… 把......添加到......

  address[əˈdres]n.地址

  advantage [ədˈvɑːntɪdʒ]n.优点;好处

  advertisement [ədˈvɜ:tɪsmənt](ad)n.公告;启事;广告

  Have you read the want ad in the newspaper?你看过报纸上的招聘广告吗?

  Put an advertisement in the newspaper

  advice [ədˈvaɪs]n.忠告;劝告;建议

  a piece of advice一条建议

  ask for advice寻求建议

  give advice提建议

  take/follow one's advice接受/采纳某人的建议

  advise[ədˈvaɪz]vt.忠告;劝告;建议

  advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事

  My teacher advised me to do more reading. (我的老师建议我多读。)

  afford [əˈfɔːd]vt.负担的起(……的费用);抽的出(时间);提供

  Mary was not able to afford a new car.(玛丽买不起新车。)

  afraid[əˈfreɪd]a.害怕的;担心的

  be afraid of 害怕......

  Don't be afraid of asking for help from others.不要害怕向别人求助。

  be afraid for 担心......

  I'm afraid for my sister. 我担心我的妹妹。

  I'm afraid so./I'm afraid not. /I'm afraid that….

  Africa n.非洲

  African a.非洲的,非洲人的

  after [ˈɑːftə(r)]adv./prep/conj. 在...…之后;晚于

  after all 终究,毕竟

  It has turned out to be a nice day after all.

  天气终于转晴了。

  afternoon [ɑːftəˈnuːn]n.下午,午后

  in the afternoon

  on Monday afternoon

  on the afternoon of…

  again[əˈɡeɪn]ad.再一次;再,又

  again and again 一次又一次地,反复地,再三地

  I called him again and again, but he didn’t answer the telephone.

  我一次又一次地给他打电话,可是他就是不接。

  now and again 有时

  He came to see me now and again.

  他过去有时来看望我。

  against [əˈɡeɪnst]prep.对着,反对

  ①对着,反对

  If no one is against this plan, let's carry it out. 如果没有人反对这个计划,那我们就开始吧。

  ②靠着,依着

  The policeman asked the young man to stand against the wall. 警察命令那个年轻人靠着墙站好。

  age [eɪdʒ]n.年龄;时代

  for one's age 论年龄

  He looks older for his age because of years of hard work. 由于多年操劳,他看起来比实际年龄大。

  at the age of 在...…岁时

  ago [əˈɡəʊ]ad. 以前

  long ago 很久以前,从前

  Long long ago there was a king and he loved horses. 很久以前,有一位国王,他喜爱马。

  some time ago 不久前

  Some time ago, I heard he would come to see me. 不久前,我听说他要来看我。

  a while ago 刚才

  He was here a while ago. 他刚才还在这儿。

  近义词辨析:ago 和 before

  ago: 应注意两点:①用于一般过去时;②它所指的时间是从现在算起。

  before: 也应该注意两点:①用于过去完成时;②她所指的时间不是从现在算起,而是从过去某一时刻算起。

  A short time before, tall trees had covered the country for many miles around. 在那时不久之前,高大的树木覆盖着方圆数英里。

  agree [əˈɡriː]v.同意;应允

  近义词辨析:agree to 和 agree with

  agree to: 意思 是“同意”,后面接表示计划、安排、意见、条件之类的名词或动词原形,表示愿意协助工作。

  Do you agree to this agreement? 你同意这项协议吗?

  He didn't agree to help us. 他不同意帮助我们。

  agree with: 意思是“与……(意见)一致”后面一般接人,也可接意见、看法等。但不含有协助的意思。

  I don't agree with what you said. 我不同意你说的话。

  I don't agree with your idea. 我不同意你的主意

  Her father didn't agree to buy him a computer. (她父亲不同意给她买电脑。)

  agree on 就......达成一致

  agreement[əˈɡriːmənt]n.同意;一致;协定

  air [eə(r)]n.空气;大气

  by air 乘飞机

  in the (open) air 在户外

  airport [ˈeəpɔːt]n.航空站,飞机场

  at the airport 在机场

  alive [əˈlaɪv]a.活着的,存在的

  all [ɔːl]adj.&pron.全部的,所有的

  all day 整日

  all kinds of 各种各样的

  all over 遍布

  all right 行,可以

  all along 一直,始终

  not at all 根本不

  in all 总共

  allow [əˈlaʊ]vt.允许,准允

  allow sb to do sth

  Father allowed me to go to the cinema .(父亲允许我去看电影。)

  allow doing

  almost [ˈɔːlməʊst]ad.几乎,差不多

  alone [əˈləʊn]a.单独的,孤独的

  近义词辨析:lonely/alone

  alone 指“独自一人的”,强调客观事实,通常只放在动词、系动词之后,作表语

  He was alone in the room. 他独自一人在屋里。

  lonely 指“孤单的”、“孤独的”,表示主观感觉,在句中作标语或主语。用作定语修饰地方时。

  along [əˈlɔŋ; (US) əˈlɔŋ]adv. & prep沿着;向前;共同,一起;

  all along 始终,一直

  I knew the truth of the matter all long. 那件事情的真相我始终是清楚的。

  along with 于.……一道

  Yesterday I went along with my brother to the shop.昨天我和我的弟弟一道去了那家商店。

  get along with 和......相处

  aloud[əˈlaʊd]ad.大声地

  read aloud 大声朗读

  already [ɔːlˈredɪ]ad.已经

  近义词辨析:already/yet

  already: 用于完成时的肯定句中。

  yet :“尚(未),已经”(用于否定句、疑问句中,谈论将要发生的事情)

  also [ˈɔːlsəʊ]ad.也

  although [ɔːlˈðəʊ]conj.虽然;尽管

  always [ˈɔːlweɪz]ad.总是;一直;永远

  America [əˈmerɪkə]n.美国;美洲

  American [əˈmerɪkən]a.n.美国人;美国人的;美国人

  among [əˈmʌŋ]prep.在……中间;在(三个以上)之间

  近义词辨析:among/between

  这两个词都含有“在……中间”的意思。

  among 用于“三者或三者以上之间”

  He built a house among the forest. 他在树林中盖了一间房。

  between 则用于“两者之间”

  What is the difference between the two words?

  这两个词的区别是什么?

  ancient [ˈeɪnʃənt]a.古代的;古老的

  and [ənd, ænd]conj.和;又;而

  and so on 等等

  This book tells about food, fruits, dishes and so on.

  这本书讲了有关食物、水果、菜肴等等有关的东西。

  angry [ˈænɡrɪ]a.生气的,愤怒的

  be angry with/at/about

  animal[ˈænɪm(ə)l]n.动物

  another [əˈnʌðə(r)]a.pron.再一;另一;别的;不同的;另一个

  answer [ˈɑːnsə(r); (US) ˈænsər]n.&v.回答;解决方案;反应

  I couldn’t answer all the exam questions.

  我没能作答全部的试卷问题。

  the answer to sth. ......的答案/解决方案

  ant [ænt]n.蚂蚁

  There are some ants in the tree. 树里有一些蚂蚁。

  any [ˈenɪ weɪ]pron. 任何一个人/物adj.每一的;任何一个的

  anybody[ˈenɪbɔdɪ] pron.任何人,无论谁

  anyone [ˈenɪwʌn]pron.任何人,无论谁

  anything [ˈenɪθɪŋ]pron.什么事(物);任何事(物)

  anyway[ˈenɪweɪ]ad.不管怎样

  anywhere [ˈeniweə(r)]ad.任何地方

  appear[əˈpɪə(r)] vi.出现

  It appears that he's lost interest in singing.(看来他对唱歌失去兴趣了。)

  apple [ˈæp(ə)l]n. 苹果

  April [ˈeɪpr(ə)l]n.四月

  area [ˈeərɪə]n.面积;地域;区域;范围;领域

  arm [ɑːm]n.臂,支架

  army [ˈɑːmɪ]n.军队

  around [əˈraʊnd]prep.围绕;环绕;在...…四周

  arrive [əˈraɪv] vi.到达;达到

  arrive at/in

  They arrived in Hangzhou on time.(他们按时到达杭州。)

  art [ɑːt]n.艺术,美术;技艺

  article [ˈɑːtɪk(ə)l]n.文章;东西;冠词

  artist [ˈɑːtɪst]

  as[əz, æz]adv./conj./prep 同样地;与……一样;作为

  as…as…(用于比较)与...…一样......

  Tom is as tall as his brother. 汤姆和他弟弟一样高。

  as a result 结果

  He works hard all day, as a result, he got a good mark in his English exam. 他整日努力学习,因此在英语考试中取得了优异的成绩。

  as if 仿佛,好像

  He talks as if he knew about it. 他说起来好像知道这件事似的。

  as long as 只要,和……一样长:

  You will do well in your English study as/so long as you keep on.只要坚持下去,你一定能学好英语 。

  as well 也

  My class went to the cinema and I went there as well. 我们班去电影院了,我也去了那里。

  Asia [ˈeɪʃə]n.亚洲

  Asian [ˈeɪʃ(ə)n, ˈeɪʒ(ə)n] n./a. 亚洲人;亚洲(人)的

  ask[ɑːsk]v.问,询问;请求,要求;邀请

  ask sb to do sth.

  ask for 请求,寻求

  He asked a policeman for help when was in trouble yesterday. 昨天他有困难时向警察求助。

  asleep[əˈsliːp]a.睡着的,熟睡

  fall asleep 入睡

  Though it is 12 in the night. I still find it hard to fall asleep.尽管已经是夜里12点钟了,我发现还是很难入 睡。

  词型转换:sleep/sleeping/sleepy/asleep

  at [æt]prep.在(几点钟);在(某处)

  Atlantic Ocean n.大西洋

  attend[ətend]v.参加,出席,上大学

  attention[əˈtenʃ(ə)n]n.关心;注意

  pay attention to 关注/注意......

  August [ˈɔːɡəst]n.八月

  aunt [ɑːnt; (US) ænt]n.伯母;舅母;审;姑;姨

  Australia [ɔˈstreɪljə]n.澳洲;澳大利亚

  Australian [ɔˈstreɪlɪən]a.n.澳洲的;澳大利亚的;澳大利亚人

  autumn [ˈɔːtəm]n.秋天,秋季

  mid-autumn 中秋

  in autumn

  the mid-autumn festival

  avoid [əˈvɔɪd]v.避免;躲开;逃避

  She should avoid eating too much chocolate. 她应该尽量少吃巧克力。

  awake [əˈweɪk]v.&a.唤醒;醒着的

  This morning I was awoken by my alarm clock. 今早我是被闹钟闹醒的。

  away [əˈweɪ]ad.离开;远离

  awful a.可怕的,极坏的


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