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2017中考指导：初中英语语法大全之形容词和副词

2016-08-24 17:39:31来源：网络

　　(2) too, as well, also, either

　　too, as well和 also用于肯定句和疑问句，too和as well多用于口语，一般放在句末，而also多用于书面语，一般放在句中与动词连用。either用于否定句和否定的疑问句，往往放在句末。如：He went there too.

　　He didn't go there either.

　　8 形容词与副词的比较级

　　⑴ 规则变化

　　变化规则 example

　　1.一般在词尾直接加-er或-est Tall-taller-tallest, long-longer-longest

　　2.以不发音的字母e 结尾的单词在词尾直接加-r 或- st Nice-nicer-nicest, large-larger-largest

　　3.以辅音字母+ 结尾的词，把 y变为i ，再加er 或 est Heavy-heavier-heaviest

　　Happy-happier-happiest

　　4.重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母，再加er 或 est Big-bigger-biggest

　　Fat-fatter-fattest

　　5.部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加more 构成比较级和most 构成最高级 Slowly-more slowly-most slowly

　　Beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful

　　⑵ 不规则变化

　　原级 比较级 最高级

　　Good/well better best

　　Bad/ill/badly worse Worst

　　Many/much more most

　　little less least

　　far Farther/further Farther/further

　　old Older/elder Oldest/eldest

　　其用法与形容词相似，只是副词最高级前可省略定冠词。如：

　　Of all the boys he sings (the) most beautifully.

　　We must work harder.

　　9. as + 形容词或副词原级 + as

　　1)在否定句或疑问句中可用so… as。

　　He cannot run so/as fast as you.

　　2)当as… as 中间有名词时采用以下格式。

　　as +形容词+ a +单数名词

　　as + many/much +名词

　　This is as good an example as the other is.

　　I can carry as much paper as you can..

　　3)用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时，放在as的前面。

　　This room is twice as big as that one.

　　Your room is the same size as mine.

　　4) 倍数+ as + adj. + as　<=> 倍数+ than + of

　　This bridge is three times as long as that one.

　　This bridge is three times the length of that one.

　　Your room is twice as large as mine.

　　Your room is twice the size of mine.

　　10. 比较级形容词或副词 + than

　　You are taller than I.

　　They lights in your room are as bright as those in mine.

　　注意：

　　1)要避免重复使用比较级。

　　(错) He is more cleverer than his brother.

　　(对) He is more clever than his brother.

　　(对) He is clever than his brother.

　　2)要避免将主语含在比较对象中。

　　(错) China is larger that any country in Asia.

　　(对) China is larger than any other countries in Asia.

　　3)要注意对应句型，遵循前后一致的原则。

　　The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.

　　It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.

　　4)要注意冠词的使用，后有名词的时候，前面才有可能有名词。

　　比较：Which is large, Canada or Australia?

　　Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia?

　　She is taller than her two sisters.

　　She is the taller of the two sisters.

　　I like you as well.

　　I also went there.

　　11可修饰比较级的词

　　1)a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等

　　2)还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。

　　3)以上词(除by far)外，必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。

　　典型例题:

　　1)　---- Are you feeling ____?

　　---- Yes，I'm fine now.

　　A. any well　B. any better　C. quite good

　　D. quite better

　　答案：B. any 可修饰比较级，quite修饰原级，well的比较级为better.

　　2)The experiment was____ easier than we had expected.

　　A.　more　 B.　much more　　 C.　much

　　D.　more much

　　答案：C.　much可修饰比较级，因此B，C都说得通，但easier本身已是比较级，不需more，因此C为正确答案。

　　3)If there were no examinations, we should have ___ at school.

　　A. the happiest time　　B. a more happier time

　　C. much happiest time　 D.　a much happier time

　　答案：D。

　　12 many,old 和 far

　　1) 如果后接名词时， much more +不可数名词

　　many more +可数名词复数

　　2) old 有两种比较级和最高级形式: older/oldest 和elder/eldest。 elder，eldest 只用于兄弟姐妹的长幼关系。

　　My elder brother is an engineer.

　　Mary is the eldest of the three sisters.

　　3) far 有两种比较级，farther，further. 在英语中两者都可指距离。

　　在美语中，father 表示距离，further表示进一步。

　　I have nothing further to say.

　　13. the + 最高级 + 比较范围

　　1) The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.

　　形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the，副词最高级前可不用。

　　形容词most前面没有the，不表示最高级的含义，只表示"非常"。

　　It is a most important problem.

　　=It is a very important problem.

　　注意： 使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。

　　(错)　Tom is the tallest of his three brothers.

　　(对)　Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.

　　2) 下列词可修饰最高级，by far, far, much, mostly, almost

　　This hat is nearly / almost the biggest.

　　注意：

　　a.　 very可修饰最高级，但位置与much不同。

　　This is the very best.

　　This is much the best.

本文关键字: 2017中考 初中英语语法大全

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